English definition of Nitrogen

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Definition of nitrogen

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Nitrogen (n.) A colorless nonmetallic element, tasteless and odorless, comprising four fifths of the atmosphere by volume. It is chemically very inert in the free state, and as such is incapable of supporting life (hence the name azote still used by French chemists); but it forms many important compounds, as ammonia, nitric acid, the cyanides, etc, and is a constituent of all organized living tissues, animal or vegetable. Symbol N. Atomic weight 14. It was formerly regarded as a permanent noncon

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Sinapoline :: Sinapoline (n.) A nitrogenous base, CO.(NH.C3H5)2, related to urea, extracted from mustard oil, and also produced artifically, as a white crystalline substance; -- called also diallyl urea..

Viridine :: Viridine (n.) A greenish, oily, nitrogenous hydrocarbon, C12H19N7, obtained from coal tar, and probably consisting of a mixture of several metameric compounds which are higher derivatives of the base pyridine..

Excretin :: Excretin (n.) A nonnitrogenous, crystalline body, present in small quantity in human faeces..

Violantin :: Violantin (n.) A complex nitrogenous substance, produced as a yellow crystalline substance, and regarded as a complex derivative of barbituric acid..

Leucoturic :: Leucoturic (a.) Pertaining to, or designating, a nitrogenous organic substance of the uric acid group, called leucoturic acid or oxalantin. See Oxalantin..

Ecgonine :: Ecgonine (n.) A colorless, crystalline, nitrogenous base, obtained by the decomposition of cocaine..

Chondrin :: Chondrin (n.) A colorless, amorphous, nitrogenous substance, tasteless and odorless, formed from cartilaginous tissue by long-continued action of boiling water. It is similar to gelatin, and is a large ingredient of commercial gelatin..

Nitride :: Nitride (n.) A binary compound of nitrogen with a more metallic element or radical; as, boric nitride..

Per- :: Per- () Originally, denoting that the element to the name of which it is prefixed in the respective compounds exercised its highest valence; now, only that the element has a higher valence than in other similar compounds; thus, barium peroxide is the highest oxide of barium; while nitrogen and manganese peroxides, so-called, are not the highest oxides of those elements..

Glycoluril :: Glycoluril (n.) A white, crystalline, nitrogenous substance, obtained by the reduction of allantoin..

Nitrify :: Nitrify (v. t.) To combine or impregnate with nitrogen; to convert, by oxidation, into nitrous or nitric acid; to subject to, or produce by, nitrification..

Betaine :: Betaine (n.) A nitrogenous base, C5H11NO2, produced artificially, and also occurring naturally in beet-root molasses and its residues, from which it is extracted as a white crystalline substance; -- called also lycine and oxyneurine. It has a sweetish taste..

Cinnoline :: Cinnoline (n.) A nitrogenous organic base, C8H6N2, analogous to quinoline, obtained from certain complex diazo compounds..

Phosphorus :: Phosphorus (n.) A poisonous nonmetallic element of the nitrogen group, obtained as a white, or yellowish, translucent waxy substance, having a characteristic disagreeable smell. It is very active chemically, must be preserved under water, and unites with oxygen even at ordinary temperatures, giving a faint glow, -- whence its name. It always occurs compined, usually in phosphates, as in the mineral apatite, in bones, etc. It is used in the composition on the tips of friction matches, and for man

Azotometer :: Azotometer (n.) An apparatus for measuring or determining the proportion of nitrogen; a nitrometer.

Ketol :: Ketol (n.) One of a series of series of complex nitrogenous substances, represented by methyl ketol and related to indol..

Nitrification :: Nitrification (n.) The act, process, or result of combining with nitrogen or some of its compounds..

Osmazome :: Osmazome (n.) A substance formerly supposed to give to soup and broth their characteristic odor, and probably consisting of one or several of the class of nitrogenous substances which are called extractives..

Isuret :: Isuret (n.) An artificial nitrogenous base, isomeric with urea, and forming a white crystalline substance; -- called also isuretine..

Biuret :: Biuret (n.) A white, crystalline, nitrogenous substance, C2O2N3H5, formed by heating urea. It is intermediate between urea and cyanuric acid..