English definition of Nitrogen

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Definition of nitrogen

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Nitrogen (n.) A colorless nonmetallic element, tasteless and odorless, comprising four fifths of the atmosphere by volume. It is chemically very inert in the free state, and as such is incapable of supporting life (hence the name azote still used by French chemists); but it forms many important compounds, as ammonia, nitric acid, the cyanides, etc, and is a constituent of all organized living tissues, animal or vegetable. Symbol N. Atomic weight 14. It was formerly regarded as a permanent noncon

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Cacodyl :: Cacodyl (n.) Alkarsin; a colorless, poisonous, arsenical liquid, As2(CH3)4, spontaneously inflammable and possessing an intensely disagreeable odor. It is the type of a series of compounds analogous to the nitrogen compounds called hydrazines..

Sponginess :: Spongin (n.) The chemical basis of sponge tissue, a nitrogenous, hornlike substance which on decomposition with sulphuric acid yields leucin and glycocoll..

Safranine :: Safranine (n.) An orange-red nitrogenous dyestuff produced artificially by oxidizing certain aniline derivatives, and used in dyeing silk and wool; also, any one of the series of which safranine proper is the type..

Keratin :: Keratin (n.) A nitrogenous substance, or mixture of substances, containing sulphur in a loose state of combination, and forming the chemical basis of epidermal tissues, such as horn, hair, feathers, and the like. It is an insoluble substance, and, unlike elastin, is not dissolved even by gastric or pancreatic juice. By decomposition with sulphuric acid it yields leucin and tyrosin, as does albumin. Called also epidermose..

Murexoin :: Murexoin (n.) A complex nitrogenous compound obtained as a scarlet crystalline substance, and regarded as related to murexide..

Oxide :: Oxide (n.) A binary compound of oxygen with an atom or radical, or a compound which is regarded as binary; as, iron oxide, ethyl oxide, nitrogen oxide, etc..

Thialdine :: Thialdine (n.) A weak nitrogenous sulphur base, C6H13NS2..

Chondrin :: Chondrin (n.) A colorless, amorphous, nitrogenous substance, tasteless and odorless, formed from cartilaginous tissue by long-continued action of boiling water. It is similar to gelatin, and is a large ingredient of commercial gelatin..

Azo- :: Azo- () Applied loosely to compounds having nitrogen variously combined, as in cyanides, nitrates, etc..

Diisatogen :: Diisatogen (n.) A red crystalline nitrogenous substance or artificial production, which by reduction passes directly to indigo..

Hyaline :: Hyaline (n.) The main constituent of the walls of hydatid cysts; a nitrogenous body, which, by decomposition, yields a dextrogyrate sugar, susceptible of alcoholic fermentation..

Pyrrol :: Pyrrol (n.) A nitrogenous base found in coal tar, bone oil, and other distillates of organic substances, and also produced synthetically as a colorless liquid, C4H5N, having on odor like that of chloroform. It is the nucleus and origin of a large number of derivatives. So called because it colors a splinter of wood moistened with hydrochloric acid a deep red..

Osmazome :: Osmazome (n.) A substance formerly supposed to give to soup and broth their characteristic odor, and probably consisting of one or several of the class of nitrogenous substances which are called extractives..

Isonicotine :: Isonicotine (n.) A crystalline, nitrogenous base, C10H14N2, isomeric with nicotine..

Murexan :: Murexan (n.) A complex nitrogenous substance obtained from murexide, alloxantin, and other ureids, as a white, or yellowish, crystalline which turns red on exposure to the air; -- called also uramil, dialuramide, and formerly purpuric acid..

Glycoluril :: Glycoluril (n.) A white, crystalline, nitrogenous substance, obtained by the reduction of allantoin..

Oxanillamide :: Oxanillamide (n.) A white crystalline nitrogenous substance, obtained indirectly by the action of cyanogen on aniline, and regarded as an anilide of oxamic acid; -- called also phenyl oxamide..

Quininic :: Quininic (a.) Pertaining to, or designating, a nitrogenous acid obtained as a yellow crystalline substance by the oxidation of quinine..

Denitrify :: Denitrify (v. t.) To deprive of, or free from, nitrogen..

Echidnine :: Echidnine (n.) The clear, viscid fluid secreted by the poison glands of certain serpents; also, a nitrogenous base contained in this, and supposed to be the active poisonous principle of the virus..