English definition of Valence

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Definition of valence

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Valence (n.) The degree of combining power of an atom (or radical) as shown by the number of atoms of hydrogen (or of other monads, as chlorine, sodium, etc.) with which it will combine, or for which it can be substituted, or with which it can be compared; thus, an atom of hydrogen is a monad, and has a valence of one; the atoms of oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon are respectively dyads, triads, and tetrads, and have a valence respectively of two, three, and four..

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#NAME? :: -ous () A suffix denoting that the element indicated by the name bearing it, has a valence lower than that denoted by the termination -ic; as, nitrous, sulphurous, etc., as contrasted with nitric, sulphuric, etc..

Bromic :: Bromic (a.) Of, pertaining to, or containing, bromine; -- said of those compounds of bromine in which this element has a valence of five, or the next to its highest; as, bromic acid..

Platinic :: Platinic (a.) Of, pertaining to, or containing, platinum; -- used specifically to designate those compounds in which the element has a higher valence, as contrasted with the platinous compounds; as, platinic chloride (PtCl4)..

Heptad :: Heptad (n.) An atom which has a valence of seven, and which can be theoretically combined with, substituted for, or replaced by, seven monad atoms or radicals; as, iodine is a heptad in iodic acid. Also used as an adjective..

Equivalent :: Equivalent (v. t.) To make the equivalent to; to equal; equivalence.

Antimonic :: Antimonic (a.) Pertaining to, or derived from, antimony; -- said of those compounds of antimony in which this element has its highest equivalence; as, antimonic acid..

Tetratomic :: Tetratomic (a.) Having a valence of four; quadrivalent; tetravalent; sometimes, in a specific sense, having four hydroxyl groups, whether acid or basic..

Dyad :: Dyad (n.) An element, atom, or radical having a valence or combining power of two..

Iodic :: Iodic (a.) to, or containing, iodine; specif., denoting those compounds in which it has a relatively high valence; as, iodic acid..

Link :: Link (n.) A bond of affinity, or a unit of valence between atoms; -- applied to a unit of chemical force or attraction..

Hexavalent :: Hexavalent (p. pr.) Having a valence of six; -- said of hexads.

Multivalence :: Multivalence (n.) Quality, state, or degree, of a multivalent element, atom, or radical..

Ruthenic :: Ruthenic (a.) Pertaining to, or containing, ruthenium; specifically, designating those compounds in which it has a higher valence as contrasted with ruthenious compounds..

Of :: Of (prep.) Denoting identity or equivalence; -- used with a name or appellation, and equivalent to the relation of apposition; as, the continent of America; the city of Rome; the Island of Cuba..

Arsenic :: Arsenic (a.) Pertaining to, or derived from, arsenic; -- said of those compounds of arsenic in which this element has its highest equivalence; as, arsenic acid..

Prevalency :: Prevalency (n.) See Prevalence.

Pentad :: Pentad (n.) Any element, atom, or radical, having a valence of five, or which can be combined with, substituted for, or compared with, five atoms of hydrogen or other monad; as, nitrogen is a pentad in the ammonium compounds..

Tellurous :: Tellurous (a.) Of or pertaining to tellurium; derived from, or containing, tellurium; specifically, designating those compounds in which the element has a lower valence as contrasted with telluric compounds; as, tellurous acid, which is analogous to sulphurous acid..

Sulphurous :: Sulphurous (a.) Derived from, or containing, sulphur; specifically, designating those compounds in which the element has a lower valence as contrasted with the sulphuric compounds..

Imprevalency :: Imprevalency (n.) Want of prevalence.