English definition of Distillation

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Definition of distillation

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Distillation (n.) The separation of the volatile parts of a substance from the more fixed; specifically, the operation of driving off gas or vapor from volatile liquids or solids, by heat in a retort or still, and the condensation of the products as far as possible by a cool receiver, alembic, or condenser; rectification; vaporization; condensation; as, the distillation of illuminating gas and coal, of alcohol from sour mash, or of boric acid in steam..

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Extillation :: Extillation (n.) Distillation.

Cosmoline :: Cosmoline (n.) A substance obtained from the residues of the distillation of petroleum, essentially the same as vaseline, but of somewhat stiffer consistency, and consisting of a mixture of the higher paraffines; a kind of petroleum jelly..

Phenol :: Phenol (n.) A white or pinkish crystalline substance, C6H5OH, produced by the destructive distillation of many organic bodies, as wood, coal, etc., and obtained from the heavy oil from coal tar..

Pyrotartaric :: Pyrotartaric (a.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained as a white crystalline substance by the distillation of tartaric acid..

Protocatechuic :: Protocatechuic (a.) Pertaining to, derived from, or designating, an organic acid which is obtained as a white crystalline substance from catechin, asafetida, oil of cloves, etc., and by distillation itself yields pyrocatechin..

Distillate :: Distillate (n.) The product of distillation; as, the distillate from molasses..

Olibene :: Olibene (n.) A colorless mobile liquid of a pleasant aromatic odor obtained by the distillation of olibanum, or frankincense, and regarded as a terpene; -- called also conimene..

Creosote :: Creosote (n.) Wood-tar oil; an oily antiseptic liquid, of a burning smoky taste, colorless when pure, but usually colored yellow or brown by impurity or exposure. It is a complex mixture of various phenols and their ethers, and is obtained by the distillation of wood tar, especially that of beechwood..

Still-closing :: Still-burn (p. pr. & vb. n.) To burn in the process of distillation; as, to still-burn brandy..

Pyrocatechin :: Pyrocatechin (n.) A white crystalline substance, C6H4(OH)2, of the phenol series, found in various plants; -- so called because first obtained by distillation of gum catechu. Called also catechol, oxyphenol. etc..

Still :: Still (v.) A vessel, boiler, or copper used in the distillation of liquids; specifically, one used for the distillation of alcoholic liquors; a retort. The name is sometimes applied to the whole apparatus used in in vaporization and condensation..

Cerotene :: Cerotene (n.) A white waxy solid obtained from Chinese wax, and by the distillation of cerotin..

Adopter :: Adopter (n.) A receiver, with two necks, opposite to each other, one of which admits the neck of a retort, and the other is joined to another receiver. It is used in distillations, to give more space to elastic vapors, to increase the length of the neck of a retort, or to unite two vessels whose openings have different diameters..

Distillation :: Distillation (n.) That which falls in drops.

Distill :: Distill (v. t.) To subject to distillation; as, to distill molasses in making rum; to distill barley, rye, corn, etc..

Bolthead :: Bolthead (n.) A long, straight-necked, glass vessel for chemical distillations; -- called also a matrass or receiver..

Oleone :: Oleone (n.) An oily liquid, obtained by distillation of calcium oleate, and probably consisting of the ketone of oleic acid..

Cucurbite :: Cucurbite (n.) A vessel or flask for distillation, used with, or forming part of, an alembic; a matrass; -- originally in the shape of a gourd, with a wide mouth. See Alembic..

Coal Tar :: Coal tar () A thick, black, tarry liquid, obtained by the distillation of bituminous coal in the manufacture of illuminating gas; used for making printer's ink, black varnish, etc. It is a complex mixture from which many substances have been obtained, especially hydrocarbons of the benzene or aromatic series..

Colophene :: Colophene (n.) A colorless, oily liquid, formerly obtained by distillation of colophony. It is regarded as a polymeric form of terebenthene. Called also diterebene..