English definition of Geology

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Definition of geology

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Geology (n.) The science which treats: (a) Of the structure and mineral constitution of the globe; structural geology. (b) Of its history as regards rocks, minerals, rivers, valleys, mountains, climates, life, etc.; historical geology. (c) Of the causes and methods by which its structure, features, changes, and conditions have been produced; dynamical geology. See Chart of The Geological Series..

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Ludlow Group :: Ludlow group () A subdivision of the British Upper Silurian lying below the Old Red Sandstone; -- so named from the Ludlow, in Western England. See the Chart of Geology..

#NAME? :: -logy () A combining form denoting a discourse, treatise, doctrine, theory, science; as, theology, geology, biology, mineralogy..

Geologist :: Geologist (n.) One versed in the science of geology.

Senonian :: Senonian (a.) In european geology, a name given to the middle division of the Upper Cretaceous formation..

Potsdam Group :: Potsdam group () A subdivision of the Primordial or Cambrian period in American geology; -- so named from the sandstone of Potsdam, New York. See Chart of Geology..

Corniferous :: Corniferous (a.) Of or pertaining to the lowest period of the Devonian age. (See the Diagram, under Geology.) The Corniferous period has been so called from the numerous seams of hornstone which characterize the later part of the period, as developed in the State of New York..

Niagara Period :: Niagara period () A subdivision or the American Upper Silurian system, embracing the Medina, Clinton, and Niagara epoch. The rocks of the Niagara epoch, mostly limestones, are extensively distributed, and at Niagara Falls consist of about eighty feet of shale supporting a greater thickness of limestone, which is gradually undermined by the removal of the shale. See Chart of Geology..

Oryctology :: Oryctology (n.) An old name for mineralogy and geology.

Muschelkalk :: Muschelkalk (n.) A kind of shell limestone, whose strata form the middle one of the three divisions of the Triassic formation in Germany. See Chart, under Geology..

Schoharie Grit :: Schoharie grit () The formation belonging to the middle of the three subdivisions of the Corniferous period in the American Devonian system; -- so called from Schoharie, in New York, where it occurs. See the Chart of Geology..

Plutonism :: Plutonism (n.) The theory, early advanced in geology, that the successive rocks of the earth's crust were formed by igneous fusion; -- opposed to the Neptunian theory..

Geognosy :: Geognosy (n.) That part of geology which treats of the materials of the earth's structure, and its general exterior and interior constitution..

Molasse :: Molasse (n.) A soft Tertiary sandstone; -- applied to a rock occurring in Switzerland. See Chart of Geology.

Salina Period :: Salina period () The period in which the American Upper Silurian system, containing the brine-producing rocks of central New York, was formed. See the Chart of Geology..

Lias :: Lias (n.) The lowest of the three divisions of the Jurassic period; a name given in England and Europe to a series of marine limestones underlying the Oolite. See the Chart of Geology.

Trenton Period :: Trenton period () A subdivision in the lower Silurian system of America; -- so named from Trenton Falls, in New York. The rocks are mostly limestones, and the period is divided into the Trenton, Utica, and Cincinnati epochs. See the Chart of Geology..

Hamilton Period :: Hamilton period () A subdivision of the Devonian system of America; -- so named from Hamilton, Madison Co., New York. It includes the Marcellus, Hamilton, and Genesee epochs or groups. See the Chart of Geology..

Oolite :: Oolite (n.) A variety of limestone, consisting of small round grains, resembling the roe of a fish. It sometimes constitutes extensive beds, as in the European Jurassic. See the Chart of Geology..

Llandeilo Group :: Llandeilo group () A series of strata in the lower Silurian formations of Great Britain; -- so named from Llandeilo in Southern Wales. See Chart of Geology.

Purbeck Beds :: Purbeck beds () The strata of the Purbeck stone, or Purbeck limestone, belonging to the Oolitic group. See the Chart of Geology..