English definition of Sugar

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Definition of sugar

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Sugar (n.) A sweet white (or brownish yellow) crystalline substance, of a sandy or granular consistency, obtained by crystallizing the evaporated juice of certain plants, as the sugar cane, sorghum, beet root, sugar maple, etc. It is used for seasoning and preserving many kinds of food and drink. Ordinary sugar is essentially sucrose. See the Note below..

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Carbohydrate :: Carbohydrate (n.) One of a group of compounds including the sugars, starches, and gums, which contain six (or some multiple of six) carbon atoms, united with a variable number of hydrogen and oxygen atoms, but with the two latter always in proportion as to form water; as dextrose, C6H12O6..

Dambonite :: Dambonite (n.) A white, crystalline, sugary substance obtained from an African caoutchouc..

Punch :: Punch (n.) A beverage composed of wine or distilled liquor, water (or milk), sugar, and the juice of lemon, with spice or mint; -- specifically named from the kind of spirit used; as rum punch, claret punch, champagne punch, etc..

Tansy :: Tansy (n.) A dish common in the seventeenth century, made of eggs, sugar, rose water, cream, and the juice of herbs, baked with butter in a shallow dish..

Maltose :: Maltose (n.) A crystalline sugar formed from starch by the action of distance of malt, and the amylolytic ferment of saliva and pancreatic juice. It resembles dextrose, but rotates the plane of polarized light further to the right and possesses a lower cupric oxide reducing power..

Saccharomyces :: Saccharomyces (n.) A genus of budding fungi, the various species of which have the power, to a greater or less extent, or splitting up sugar into alcohol and carbonic acid. They are the active agents in producing fermentation of wine, beer, etc. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the yeast of sedimentary beer. Also called Torula..

Lactonic :: Lactonic (a.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained by the oxidation of milk sugar (lactose)..

Bishop :: Bishop (n.) A beverage, being a mixture of wine, oranges or lemons, and sugar..

Macaroon :: Macaroon (n.) A small cake, composed chiefly of the white of eggs, almonds, and sugar..

Invert :: Invert (a.) Subjected to the process of inversion; inverted; converted; as, invert sugar..

Sugar-house :: Sugared (a.) Also used figuratively; as, sugared kisses..

Saccharoidal :: Saccharoidal (a.) Resembling sugar, as in taste, appearance, consistency, or composition; as, saccharoidal limestone..

Negus :: Negus (n.) A beverage made of wine, water, sugar, nutmeg, and lemon juice; -- so called, it is said, from its first maker, Colonel Negus..

Sherbet :: Sherbet (n.) A preparation of bicarbonate of soda, tartaric acid, sugar, etc., variously flavored, for making an effervescing drink; -- called also sherbet powder..

Hardbake :: Hardbake (n.) A sweetmeat of boiled brown sugar or molasses made with almonds, and flavored with orange or lemon juice, etc..

Invert :: Invert (v. i.) To undergo inversion, as sugar..

Geropigia :: Geropigia (n.) A mixture composed of unfermented grape juice, brandy, sugar, etc., for adulteration of wines..

Candied :: Candied (a.) Preserved in or with sugar; incrusted with a candylike substance; as, candied fruits..

Glycogen :: Glycogen (n.) A white, amorphous, tasteless substance resembling starch, soluble in water to an opalescent fluid. It is found abundantly in the liver of most animals, and in small quantity in other organs and tissues, particularly in the embryo. It is quickly changed into sugar when boiled with dilute sulphuric or hydrochloric acid, and also by the action of amylolytic ferments..

Milk :: Milk (n.) A white fluid secreted by the mammary glands of female mammals for the nourishment of their young, consisting of minute globules of fat suspended in a solution of casein, albumin, milk sugar, and inorganic salts..