English definition of Glucoside

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Definition of glucoside

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Glucoside (n.) One of a large series of amorphous or crystalline substances, occurring very widely distributed in plants, rarely in animals, and regarded as influental agents in the formation and disposition of the sugars. They are frequently of a bitter taste, but, by the action of ferments, or of dilute acids and alkalies, always break down into some characteristic substance (acid, aldehyde, alcohol, phenole, or alkaloid) and glucose (or some other sugar); hence the name. They are of the natur

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Xylostein :: Xylostein (n.) A glucoside found in the poisonous berries of a species of honeysuckle (Lonicera xylosteum), and extracted as a bitter, white, crystalline substance..

Gentiopikrin :: Gentiopikrin (n.) A bitter, yellow, crystalline substance, regarded as a glucoside, and obtained from the gentian..

Quercitrin :: Quercitrin (n.) A glucoside extracted from the bark of the oak (Quercus) as a bitter citron-yellow crystalline substance, used as a pigment and called quercitron..

Carmine :: Carmine (n.) The essential coloring principle of cochineal, extracted as a purple-red amorphous mass. It is a glucoside and possesses acid properties; -- hence called also carminic acid..

Ericolin :: Ericolin (n.) A glucoside found in the bearberry (and others of the Ericaceae), and extracted as a bitter, yellow, amorphous mass..

Xanthorhamnin :: Xanthorhamnin (n.) A glucoside extracted from Persian berries as a yellow crystalline powder, used as a dyestuff..

Phlorizin :: Phlorizin (n.) A bitter white crystalline glucoside extracted from the root bark of the apple, pear, cherry, plum, etc..

Coniferin :: Coniferin (n.) A glucoside extracted from the cambium layer of coniferous trees as a white crystalline substance.

Sinalbin :: Sinalbin (n.) A glucoside found in the seeds of white mustard (Brassica alba, formerly Sinapis alba), and extracted as a white crystalline substance..

Violaquercitrin :: Violaquercitrin (n.) A yellow crystalline glucoside obtained from the pansy (Viola tricolor), and decomposing into glucose and quercitrin..

Esculin :: Esculin (n.) A glucoside obtained from the Aesculus hippocastanum, or horse-chestnut, and characterized by its fine blue fluorescent solutions..

Convolvulin :: Convolvulin (n.) A glucoside occurring in jalap (the root of a convolvulaceous plant), and extracted as a colorless, tasteless, gummy mass of powerful purgative properties..

Isodulcite :: Isodulcite (n.) A white, crystalline, sugarlike substance, obtained by the decomposition of certain glucosides, and intermediate in nature between the hexacid alcohols (ductile, mannite, etc.) and the glucoses..

Vincetoxin :: Vincetoxin (n.) A glucoside extracted from the root of the white swallowwort (Vincetoxicum officinale, a plant of the Asclepias family) as a bitter yellow amorphous substance; -- called also asclepiadin, and cynanchin..

Helleborein :: Helleborein (n.) A poisonous glucoside accompanying helleborin in several species of hellebore, and extracted as a white crystalline substance with a bittersweet taste. It has a strong action on the heart, resembling digitalin..

Polygalic :: Polygalic (a.) Of, pertaining to, or obtained from, Polygala; specifically, designating an acrid glucoside (called polygalic acid, senegin, etc.), resembling, or possibly identical with, saponin..

Urechitin :: Urechitin (n.) A glucoside extracted from the leaves of a certain plant (Urechitis suberecta) as a bitter white crystalline substance.

Scillain :: Scillain (n.) A glucoside extracted from squill (Scilla) as a light porous substance.

Daphnin :: Daphnin (n.) A white, crystalline, bitter substance, regarded as a glucoside, and extracted from Daphne mezereum and D. alpina..

Vernonin :: Vernonin (n.) A glucoside extracted from the root of a South African plant of the genus Vernonia, as a deliquescent powder, and used as a mild heart tonic..