English definition of Glucoside

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Definition of glucoside

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Glucoside (n.) One of a large series of amorphous or crystalline substances, occurring very widely distributed in plants, rarely in animals, and regarded as influental agents in the formation and disposition of the sugars. They are frequently of a bitter taste, but, by the action of ferments, or of dilute acids and alkalies, always break down into some characteristic substance (acid, aldehyde, alcohol, phenole, or alkaloid) and glucose (or some other sugar); hence the name. They are of the natur

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Frangulin :: Frangulin (n.) A yellow crystalline dyestuff, regarded as a glucoside, extracted from a species (Rhamnus Frangula) of the buckthorn; -- called also rhamnoxanthin..

Lupinin :: Lupinin (n.) A glucoside found in the seeds of several species of lupine, and extracted as a yellowish white crystalline substance..

Indican :: Indican (n.) A glucoside obtained from woad (indigo plant) and other plants, as a yellow or light brown sirup. It has a nauseous bitter taste, a decomposes or drying. By the action of acids, ferments, etc., it breaks down into sugar and indigo. It is the source of natural indigo..

Amygdalin :: Amygdalin (n.) A glucoside extracted from bitter almonds as a white, crystalline substance..

Phlorizin :: Phlorizin (n.) A bitter white crystalline glucoside extracted from the root bark of the apple, pear, cherry, plum, etc..

Glucoside :: Glucoside (n.) One of a large series of amorphous or crystalline substances, occurring very widely distributed in plants, rarely in animals, and regarded as influental agents in the formation and disposition of the sugars. They are frequently of a bitter taste, but, by the action of ferments, or of dilute acids and alkalies, always break down into some characteristic substance (acid, aldehyde, alcohol, phenole, or alkaloid) and glucose (or some other sugar); hence the name. They are of the natur

Saponin :: Saponin (n.) A poisonous glucoside found in many plants, as in the root of soapwort (Saponaria), in the bark of soap bark (Quillaia), etc. It is extracted as a white amorphous powder, which occasions a soapy lather in solution, and produces a local anaesthesia. Formerly called also struthiin, quillaiin, senegin, polygalic acid, etc. By extension, any one of a group of related bodies of which saponin proper is the type..

Vincetoxin :: Vincetoxin (n.) A glucoside extracted from the root of the white swallowwort (Vincetoxicum officinale, a plant of the Asclepias family) as a bitter yellow amorphous substance; -- called also asclepiadin, and cynanchin..

Chrysophane :: Chrysophane (n.) A glucoside extracted from rhubarb as a bitter, yellow, crystalline powder, and yielding chrysophanic acid on decomposition..

Quinovin :: Quinovin (n.) An amorphous bitter glucoside derived from cinchona and other barks. Called also quinova bitter, and quinova..

Daphnin :: Daphnin (n.) A white, crystalline, bitter substance, regarded as a glucoside, and extracted from Daphne mezereum and D. alpina..

Esculin :: Esculin (n.) A glucoside obtained from the Aesculus hippocastanum, or horse-chestnut, and characterized by its fine blue fluorescent solutions..

Helleborein :: Helleborein (n.) A poisonous glucoside accompanying helleborin in several species of hellebore, and extracted as a white crystalline substance with a bittersweet taste. It has a strong action on the heart, resembling digitalin..

Convallamarin :: Convallamarin (n.) A white, crystalline, poisonous substance, regarded as a glucoside, extracted from the lily of the valley (Convallaria Majalis). Its taste is first bitter, then sweet..

Coniferin :: Coniferin (n.) A glucoside extracted from the cambium layer of coniferous trees as a white crystalline substance.

#NAME? :: -ide () A suffix used to denote: (a) The nonmetallic, or negative, element or radical in a binary compound; as, oxide, sulphide, chloride. (b) A compound which is an anhydride; as, glycolide, phthalide. (c) Any one of a series of derivatives; as, indogenide, glucoside, etc..

Indiglucin :: Indiglucin (n.) The variety of sugar (glucose) obtained from the glucoside indican. It is unfermentable, but reduces Fehling's solution..

Vernonin :: Vernonin (n.) A glucoside extracted from the root of a South African plant of the genus Vernonia, as a deliquescent powder, and used as a mild heart tonic..

Isodulcite :: Isodulcite (n.) A white, crystalline, sugarlike substance, obtained by the decomposition of certain glucosides, and intermediate in nature between the hexacid alcohols (ductile, mannite, etc.) and the glucoses..

Convolvulin :: Convolvulin (n.) A glucoside occurring in jalap (the root of a convolvulaceous plant), and extracted as a colorless, tasteless, gummy mass of powerful purgative properties..