English definition of Naphtha

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Definition of naphtha

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Naphtha (n.) The complex mixture of volatile, liquid, inflammable hydrocarbons, occurring naturally, and usually called crude petroleum, mineral oil, or rock oil. Specifically: That portion of the distillate obtained in the refinement of petroleum which is intermediate between the lighter gasoline and the heavier benzine, and has a specific gravity of about 0.7, -- used as a solvent for varnishes, as a carburetant, illuminant, etc..

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Bitumen :: Bitumen (n.) By extension, any one of the natural hydrocarbons, including the hard, solid, brittle varieties called asphalt, the semisolid maltha and mineral tars, the oily petroleums, and even the light, volatile naphthas..

Magdala :: Magdala (a.) Designating an orange-red dyestuff obtained from naphthylamine, and called magdala red, naphthalene red, etc..

Naphthoquinone :: Naphthoquinone (n.) A yellow crystalline substance, C10H6O2, analogous to quinone, obtained by oxidizing naphthalene with chromic acid..

Naphthalate :: Naphthalate (n.) A salt of naphthalic acid; a phthalate.

Naphthalic :: Naphthalic (a.) Pertaining to, derived from, or related to, naphthalene; -- used specifically to denote any one of a series of acids derived from naphthalene, and called naphthalene acids..

Naphthalidine :: Naphthalidine (n.) Same as Naphthylamine.

Launch :: Launch (n.) The boat of the largest size belonging to a ship of war; also, an open boat of any size driven by steam, naphtha, electricity, or the like..

Collidine :: Collidine (n.) One of a class of organic bases, C8H11N, usually pungent oily liquids, belonging to the pyridine series, and obtained from bone oil, coal tar, naphtha, and certain alkaloids..

Naphthalene :: Naphthalene (n.) A white crystalline aromatic hydrocarbon, C10H8, analogous to benzene, and obtained by the distillation of certain bituminous materials, such as the heavy oil of coal tar. It is the type and basis of a large number of derivatives among organic compounds. Formerly called also naphthaline..

Naphthalin :: Naphthalin (n.) Alt. of Naphthalin.

Phthalic :: Phthalic (a.) Pertaining to, or designating, a dibasic acid obtained by the oxidation of naphthalene and allied substances..

Naphthol :: Naphthol (n.) Any one of a series of hydroxyl derivatives of naphthalene, analogous to phenol. In general they are crystalline substances with a phenol (carbolic) odor..

Naphthyl :: Naphthyl (n.) A hydrocarbon radical regarded as the essential residue of naphthalene.

Thionaphthene :: Thionaphthene (n.) A double benzene and thiophene nucleus, C8H6S, analogous to naphthalene, and like it the base of a large series of derivatives..

Naphtha :: Naphtha (n.) One of several volatile inflammable liquids obtained by the distillation of certain carbonaceous materials and resembling the naphtha from petroleum; as, Boghead naphtha, from Boghead coal (obtained at Boghead, Scotland); crude naphtha, or light oil, from coal tar; wood naphtha, from wood, etc..

Benzine :: Benzine (n.) A liquid consisting mainly of the lighter and more volatile hydrocarbons of petroleum or kerosene oil, used as a solvent and for cleansing soiled fabrics; -- called also petroleum spirit, petroleum benzine. Varieties or similar products are gasoline, naphtha, rhigolene, ligroin, etc..

Naphthalic :: Naphthalic (a.) Formerly, designating an acid probably identical with phthalic acid..

Naphthylamine :: Naphthylamine (n.) One of two basic amido derivatives of naphthalene, C10H7.NH2, forming crystalline solids..

Naphthazarin :: Naphthazarin (n.) A dyestuff, resembling alizarin, obtained from naphthoquinone as a red crystalline substance with a bright green, metallic luster; -- called also naphthalizarin..

Anthracene :: Anthracene (n.) A solid hydrocarbon, C6H4.C2H2.C6H4, which accompanies naphthalene in the last stages of the distillation of coal tar. Its chief use is in the artificial production of alizarin..